American Journal of Psychiatry

Studies investigating resting-state functional connectivity of the amygdala and hippocampus have produced inconsistent findings. The authors’ objective was to conduct the largest systematic comparison of alterations in functional connectivity of the amygdala and hippocampus in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using a multicohort mega-analysis with uniform processing steps and…

Accumulating evidence suggests that the opioid system may modulate ketamine’s rapid antidepressant effects. The objective of this study was to test whether opioid system modulation via naltrexone alters ketamine’s acute effects on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in major depressive disorder (MDD), and whether these changes relate to symptom measures and map onto receptor density profiles.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has shown promise in reducing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, with varied clinical results. A mechanistic understanding is needed to personalize treatment and improve response rates. The threat neurocircuitry, specifically the right amygdala, has consistently been implicated in PTSD pathophysiology. This neuroscience-informed trial aimed to m…

Transcranial electrical stimulation with temporal interference (TES-TI) is a noninvasive technique that uses multiple high-frequency carrier currents to generate a low-frequency amplitude-modulated envelope, enabling steerable and relatively focal engagement of deep regions with reduced off-target exposure compared to conventional TES approaches. This review outlines the biophysical principles an…

This Delphi study provides expert-based guidance on relapse prevention following successful ECT for major depressive disorder. While pharmacotherapy and continuation ECT are core strategies, personalized adjustments based on clinical risk factors remain essential. Further empirical research is needed to refine guidelines and improve long-term outcomes.

In this recent national clinical dataset, sex-based differences were observed in specific psychiatric comorbidities for each of these three SUDs. Future studies should examine biopsychosocial mechanisms that underlie these differences, with the goal of improving personalized care.

The active TBS group did not have a statistically significant greater reduction in HAM-D scores compared to the sham group at week 6. By week 12, however, active TBS was superior to sham stimulation in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with late-life depression, suggesting TBS as a possible treatment option for this population.

CUD-associated mental health risks varied by age and comorbid SUDs, possibly due to earlier onset of mental disorders in cannabis users or age-related differences in CUD effects.