Journal of Carcinogenesis

Background: After cardiac valve replacement surgery, there is a pronounced inflammatory response and heightened metabolic rate. The adequacy of nutrition may affect immune modulation, recovery parameters, and quality of life (QOL), but there is a paucity of combined prospective data. Objective: To assess the effect of postoperative nutritional status on inflammation, recovery, and QOL in patients…

Background-More research was needed to determine whether metformin use could impact the risk of oral cancer. Methods: During 2015-2025, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had recently started taking metformin (n = 288198, “ever users of metformin”) or other antidiabetic medications (n = 16263, “never users of metformin”) were monitored for oral cancer for at least six months until Decembe…

Male infertility is a significant reproductive health issue, with infectious agents playing a crucial role in its pathophysiology. This study aimed to evaluate the microbial profile of bacteria in male infertility patients and their impact on seminal fluid quality. A total of 100 male infertility patients were enrolled, and their semen samples were analyzed for bacterial infections. The most comm…

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common fungal infections encountered during pregnancy. Hormonal alterations, immunological modulation, and changes in vaginal microenvironment predispose pregnant women to Candida colonization and symptomatic infection. The increasing emergence of non-albicans Candida species and antifungal resistance has posed diagnostic and therapeut…

Background: Acute febrile illness (AFI) is a leading cause of pediatric visits and admissions worldwide. The nonspecific presentation of AFI and broad etiological spectrum present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: To describe the clinical features, laboratory profile, etiological distribution, complications and outcomes of children…

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted viral infection worldwide and is strongly associated with cervical cancer and other anogenital malignancies. The burden of HPV infection remains particularly high in developing countries due to limited screening, lack of awareness, and poor vaccination coverage. Understanding the epidemiological and sociodemo…

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a serious and often fatal disease affecting both native and prosthetic heart valves. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis for patients with IE varies widely depending on numerous factors, including the causative microorganism, the presence of valvular damage, and the promptness of therapeutic intervention. Objective: The aim of…

Introduction: CSOM is often associated with recurrent infections, leading to permanent damage to the ear structures. While the pathogenesis of CSOM is complex and multifactorial, bacterial infections play a major role, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa emerging as one of the most frequent pathogens responsible for this condition Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeru…

Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral disease, continues to pose significant public health challenges, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite ongoing prevention efforts, the global incidence of dengue has increased in recent years, with outbreaks occurring more frequently in both urban and rural areas. This study aims to examine the prevalence of dengue, focusing on demographic …

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a major unmet therapeutic need with limited evidence-based pharmacologic options. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have demonstrated benefit, while the roles of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) remain less clear. A direct and indirect c…

Background: Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning is a highly lethal form of pesticide poisoning commonly seen in developing countries. It leads to severe metabolic toxicity, refractory shock, malignant arrhythmias, and high mortality. Survival following cardiac arrest is rare. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 30-year-old male who presented with aluminum phosphide ingestion, severe hypotension, an…

Background: Tracheal extubation is frequently associated with undesirable hemodynamic responses such as tachycardia and hypertension due to sympathetic stimulation. These responses may be detrimental in patients with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular compromise. Various pharmacological agents have been evaluated to attenuate these responses, among which magnesium sulphate and esmolol have shown p…

Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a frequent and distressing complication after tracheal intubation for general anesthesia, with reported incidence varying widely depending on definitions and populations. Pharmacologic nebulization prior to induction is an attractive, low-risk, topical approach to reduce mucosal inflammation and nociception. Objective: To evaluate and compare the ef…

Background: Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with hamstring tendon (HT) autografts is very popular, and could result in knee flexion weakness and harvest-related morbidity. An alternative of constant diameter, with arguably reduced donor-site morbidity, has developed in the form of the peroneus longus tendon (PLT) at the expense of ankle function. Methods: It was a pr…

Mental health issues, stress-related conditions, and emotional disorders have emerged as significant challenges in today's society, affecting individuals, families, careers, communities, and even economies. Despite their prevalence, these issues remain difficult to manage, with individuals often struggling to express emotions or seek timely support. As a response, innovative digital solutions are…

Background:  Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is commonly present in the co-occurrence with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT); the inflammatory microenvironment, however, presents obstacles to preoperative predictability of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Accurate risk stratification also clinically cannot be done without to inform surgical decision-making and reduce unnecessary central neck dissecti…

Chronic psychosocial stress has increasingly been recognized as a potential modifier of cancer risk and progression through complex neuroendocrine, immunological, and molecular pathways. While the concept of “psychogenic carcinogenesis” remains controversial, accumulating evidence suggests that sustained activation of stress-response systems may influence tumor biology. This review explores the m…

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that needs to be managed on a constant basis in order to avoid complications and improve glycemic control. Lack of knowledge and unhealthy behaviors are major contributing factors to poor outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a structured health education program on behavioral ch…

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ERBB2) is one of the most intensively investigated oncogenes in breast cancer research. Its amplification or over-expression defines a biologically aggressive subtype of breast cancer, historically associated with poor prognosis. Estrogen receptor (ER) signaling represents another dominant axis of breast carcinogenesis, governing tumor growth, differ…

Background: Jaundice is a common clinical condition marked by yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera due to bilirubin accumulation. It results from various hepatic, biliary, or hemolytic disorders. In Bangladesh, viral hepatitis, particularly Hepatitis B infection, is a major cause. Beyond medical issues, jaundice is often linked to social stigma, misconceptions, and psychological distress. …