Preprints.org

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly influencing nanopharmaceutical development by supporting the transition from empirical formulation screening toward predictive, data-driven, and translationally oriented design. Nanocarrier-based therapeutics are governed by nonlinear relationships among material composition, physicochemical attributes, manufacturing parameters, biological identity, ph…

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects approximately 1-2% of children worldwide, yet its etiology remains incompletely understood. Emerging evidence suggests that offspring of parents with autoimmune diseases show elevated autism prevalence. Notably, children of parents or mothers with immune-related conditions, including psoriasis (OR 1.59), maternal type 1 diabetes (HR 2.36 in one l…

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) reasoning by providing objective feedback, yet it remains fundamentally dependent on external verifiers, which limits self-regulated reasoning and generalization. We propose a shift toward internalization, relocating verification from external infrastructure into model-internal signals. We formalize th…

The standard interpretation of quantum measurement on entangled systems holds that measuring one particle nonlocally collapses the wavefunction of its spacelike-separated partner. We argue that this conclusion rests on a false presupposition: that subsystems of entangled systems possess independent ontic states. If the global wavefunction is the sole ontic object (ψ-ontic holism), then for entang…

Aspartase from Escherichia coli (AspA) catalyzes the direct conversion of acrylic acid to β-alanine; however, its substrate specificity and low catalytic efficiency limit its broader application. We engineered an AspA mutant capable of efficiently catalyzing the amination of acrylic acid for β-alanine synthesis, using Rosetta Enzyme Design to computationally redesign the Cβ-binding region of the …

Background/Objectives: Severe posterior mandibular atrophy is often limiting for implant placement due to diminished bone height and proximity to the mental fora-men with its anatomical variations, particularly the anterior loop. Conventional solutions may require invasive procedures or result in prosthetic cantilevers. Utilization of available lingual bone to bypass the mental foramen may repres…

Pain and stress are frequent and clinically relevant challenges in neonatal intensive care, particularly among preterm and critically ill newborns exposed to repeated invasive procedures, mechanical ventilation, surgery, and advanced life-support interventions. Effective analgosedation is essential to reduce discomfort, attenuate physiological instability, improve tolerance of intensive care proc…

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental pollutants with established carcinogenic properties traditionally linked to genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and DNA adduct formation. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that PAHs also function as chronotoxic agents capable of disrupting circadian homeostasis through transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming of core clock ge…

Background/Objectives: Thermal injury during implant osteotomy is a recognized complication of guided surgery, where closed guide architectures and metallic sleeves restrict coolant access to the drill-bone interface, reducing the effectiveness of conventional external irrigation. The objective of this study was to design, fabricate, and evaluate the clinical feasibility of a 3D-printed surgical …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are increasingly recognized as disorders in which ep-ithelial dysfunction and maladaptive regeneration are as important as immune dysregula-tion. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a key mediator of intestinal inflammation and a thera-peutic target, plays a dual role in both immune activation and epithelial repair by regulat-ing progenitor cell expansion, lineage plast…

A targeted cross-species retro-analysis was conducted using three independent published datasets to test whether the DNA demethylase recruiter gadd45b occupies a functionally distinct category from canonical immediate early genes (IEGs). Whereas canonical IEGs generally respond to sufficiently intense neural or behavioral stimulation, gadd45b appears to be preferentially induced by genuine social…

Surgical resection remains a curative-intent treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, but procedure-specific evidence for open minor hepatectomy using Takasaki’s Glissonean pedicle control remains limited. We retrospectively reviewed 74 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent elective open minor hepatectomy, defined as resection of fewer than three…

Many models exist to describe the nature of sloshing, an intricate phenomena, including the linear mechanical model and the Duffing oscillator. This paper attempts to provide an alternative model that describes the maximum slosh wave height (MSWH) of different sloshing liquids, to more accurately predict the nuanced phenomena as well as to better understand the inherent nature of sloshing. We exp…

The development of steady-state advanced operation modes with high fusion gain (Q) is a primary objective of magnetic confinement fusion research. The advancement of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet technology has introduced a new development path using devices like SPARC. This path contrasts with the conventional low-temperature superconducting (LTS) approach represented by devices …

Unlike natural image deblurring, which primarily prioritizes perceptual quality, Quick Response (QR) code deblurring aims to ensure successful decoding. QR codes are characterized by highly structured patterns with sharp edges, which provide strong structural priors for restoration. However, existing deep learning methods rarely exploit these priors explicitly. To address this limitation, we prop…

In our previous work, a novel approach emphasizing a Knowledge Graph-based, distributed, and Collaborative conversational Artificial Intelligence (AI) multi-chatBot system (GraphCoBots) for museums was introduced, towards addressing limitations in scalability, knowledge reuse, and coordinated interaction across conversational services. The architecture was designed to deliver an efficient deploym…

Generative AI (Gen AI) adoption increasingly recognizes the need to access and validate virtue ethics in relation to Large Language Models (LLMs) and their integration into higher education. The focus is shifting from rules- or outcomes-based towards moral character, personality traits, integrity and practical wisdom (phronesis), although much of the existing work remains towards ethical paradigm…

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key indicator of soil quality and an essential component of climate change mitigation strategies. However, long-term SOC monitoring based exclusively on field measurements is often limited by data scarcity, spatial heterogeneity and the high cost of repeated sampling. This study assesses the potential of combining field observations, remote sensing-derived proxies a…

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), operationally referred to as exosomes, where strict biogenesis-based classification cannot be confirmed from the primary literature, are pivotal mediators of intercellular communication in cancer, transferring a diverse epigenetic payload that encompasses noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), DNA fragments, chromatin-modifying enzymes, and metabolic effectors, which reprog…

Accurate estimation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, both per capita and per GDP, is essential for effective environmental policy and sustainable development. This study proposes a data-driven framework based on machine learning techniques to improve the prediction of CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in France. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Decision Tree…