Systematic monitoring identified a high incidence of hypopituitarism following combined ipilimumab plus nivolumab therapy for metastatic melanoma

Introduction Combination immunotherapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab has improved long-term progression-free and overall survival in patients with metastatic melanoma. Unfortunately, a high percentage of patients develop immune-related side effects, including endocrinopathy. The incidence and timing of hypopituitarism remains poorly characterized. Methods We routinely performed laboratory screening for hypopituitarism and hypothyroidism every 3–4 weeks on each treatment visit for patients receiv