Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major complication of sepsis, driven by oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Paeoniflorin, a monoterpenoid glycoside, has demonstrated notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting potential therapeutic value in ALI. Methods: Sepsis-induced ALI was established in mice using the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. The protective effects of paeoniflorin were evaluated by measuring oxidative stress markers (SOD, GSH, and MDA