CAR T Cells Engineered Against LAG-3: Unleashing Potency in the Tumor Microenvironment of Breast Cancer
Mohammad A.I. Al-Hatamleh·Ali Mussa·Mahasin Abdallah Mohammed Hamid·Monika Vashisht·Ma’mon M. Hatmal
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in hematologic malignancies but faces significant challenges in solid tumors such as breast cancer. A primary obstacle is the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which drives T-cell exhaustion and limits therapeutic efficacy. Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a key mediator of this exhaustion, suppressing antitumor immunity upon engagement with ligands such as MHC class II. This review examines the r