Abstract The rapid urbanization of Malaysia has intensified challenges related to food security, including rising dependence on food imports, limited agricultural land, and increasing food prices. Urban farming has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate these issues by localizing food production, enhancing community resilience, and promoting sustainable food systems. This systematic review, guided by the PRISMA framework, analyses the role of urban farming in enhancing food security through 46 selected studies published between 2010 and 2025. Using databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, a rigorous selection process was conducted with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings reveal that urban farming positively impacts food accessibility, availability, and affordability, while also promoting environmental sustainability and socio-economic inclusion. However, challenges such as limited space, regulatory hurdles, and public awareness gaps hinder its widespread adoption. The study highlights the need for integrated policies, technological innovations, financial incentives, and community engagement to maximize the potential of urban farming as a sustainable food security strategy. By addressing these challenges, Malaysia can better leverage urban farming to strengthen its national food system, particularly in the face of climate change and global supply chain disruptions. This paper provides valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers aiming to foster a more resilient and self-reliant urban food ecosystem.