Multifunctional, Flexible, Electrospun Lignin/PLA |

In this paper, contact angle is one of the core functional readouts used to distinguish how lignin source, extraction method, and fractionation reshape electrospun lignin/PLA mat performance. The Dropometer-derived wettability data are not treated in isolation; they are interpreted together with FTIR, DSC, DMA, SEM, conductivity, and antioxidant results to separate formulations that behave as more flexible, more rigid, more hydrophobic, or more antioxidant-active materials. That matters because.