China is effectively achieving the rapid recovery of the wild Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) population and has a strong chance of reestablishing a sustainable population of over 300 individuals. However, to achieve more ambitious conservation goals, China needs to focus on enhancing the resilience of the population as it attempts to further increase its size, because only isolated, high-density populations are increasingly threatened by factors such as inbreeding, disease, and human-wildl