Bird-aircraft collisions, or bird strikes, are a costly incident for the aviation industry. Bird strikes occur most often at low altitudes, which means that the airfield itself is an area of high risk for strikes to occur. Flocking and perching passerines like red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and western meadowlarks (Sturnella neglecta) are territorial during the breeding season, and this behavior is considered hazardous for bird strikes when their territories are near to an airfield. Here, we characterize the relationship between bird territory behavior and time spent on a military airfield at the Grand Forks Air Force Base (GFAFB). We tagged 19 western meadowlarks and 30 red-winged blackbirds with CTT nano life tags during the summer of 2022 and monitored their movements in and around the airfield. To facilitate tracking, we established a Motus-compatible automated radio telemetry network comprised of four receiving towers equipped with directional Yagi antennas and 57 nodes. The towers were distributed throughout the area surrounding GFAFB while the nodes were arranged on the airfield. We found that the distance between the territory of each bird and the airfield was negatively correlated with the amount of time they spent on their airfield (i.e., detected by the node network), and that birds that held territories > 2 km from the airfield spent significantly less time on the airfield than those that held territories < 2 km from the airfield. These findings are useful for developing wildlife management plans that are strategically designed for the unique challenges at the GFAFB. Broadly, this study represents a valuable example of how Motus-compatible automated radio telemetry technology can be leveraged in an airport context to mitigate bird strikes.
Leveraging automated radio telemetry to understand avian presence on a military airfield
Susan N. Ellis-Felege

