Pharmacovigilance is essential in ensuring the safety of medications by detecting, assessing, and preventing adverse drug reactions. Through methods like spontaneous reporting, active surveillance, and signal detection, healthcare professionals and regulatory agencies monitor drug safety throughout its lifecycle. Post-marketing surveillance and risk management strategies further enhance patient protection. With the integration of biostatistics, pharmacovigilance leverages data-driven insights to improve public health outcomes. Understanding these processes is crucial for maintaining trust in pharmaceuticals and advancing safer healthcare practices.