Circular valorization of acid-hydrolyzed fishery wastewater: integrated remediation and enhanced C-phycocyanin production by Spirulina sp.
Rangika Umesh Halwatura
The valorization of fishery-derived wastes through microalgal biotechnology provides a practical route to integrate wastewater remediation with high-value bioproduct generation. This study demonstrates an integrated process in which solid fish waste was converted into an algal growth medium via sulfuric acid hydrolysis (3% H2SO4; 1:8, w/v) combined with autoclave-assisted pretreatment (121 °C, 20 min), and subsequently utilized for the mixotrophic cultivation of Spirulina sp. in bench-scale phot