Deep learning prediction of chemo-immunotherapy response using tumor perfusion ultrasound images

IntroductionTumor heterogeneity poses a significant challenge for predicting responses to cancer therapy, highlighting the need for the development of biomarkers to guide personalized treatment. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging is an established method to assess tumor perfusion, which directly affects drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy, as poorly perfused tumors often limit the penetration of chemo- and immunotherapeutics.MethodsWe developed a deep learning framework using CEUS im