Explainable machine learning unveils the key role of cooperation ability in school bullying and its gender-differentiated impact on cooperative atmosphere

BackgroundSchool bullying is a widespread and urgent public health issue that threatens adolescents’ social and emotional development. Understanding its impact on social-emotional skills is critical for designing effective interventions. This study examines the association between school bullying and social-emotional skills using data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’s 2019 Study on Social and Emotional Skills (SSES) conducted in Suzhou, China.MethodsWe anal