The hard problem of consciousness asks why the performance of cognitive functions is accompanied by subjective experience. This article argues that the question can be reformulated as a computable dynamical problem: subjectivity generation requires a cost function on path space. I present the unified rate functional Icx—the Freidlin–Wentzell rate function of a physical path measure—as the central object, and show that three of its five “faces” correspond to the classical problems of intentionality, privacy, and self-reference. A system of six equations describes the dynamics of the resulting compression; the non-invertible cost of locking information into a single channel, the locking tax, is identified with qualia. Three consequences follow: identity is a theorem rather than an assumption; philosophical zombies are dynamically impossible; and the space of qualia is a measurable geometry. The account yields testable predictions, most distinctively a marginalization correction: any system with an observer necessarily deviates from the Boltzmann distribution of its intrinsic potential (⟨q2⟩ : 0.926 → 0.593). I state explicitly what can and cannot be modeled: the structural conditions of subjectivity generation are modeled; the phenomenal origin of experience is not. The framework’s commitment is not a stance chosen between physicalism and dualism: the unit of description is the observer–observed dyad, and subjectivity enters as an intrinsic dimension of the dynamics—derived from the structure, not presupposed.