philosophy-of-mind

In The Skeptical Roots of Critique: Hume's Attack on Theology and the Origin of Kant's Antinomy. New York, US: OUP Usa. pp. 19-35. 2025Michael Forster has proposed that the _Dreams of a Spirit-Seer_ represent Kant’s engagement with a Pyrrhonian skepticism about metaphysics, and correspond to the first awakening from dogmatic slumber which Kant attributes to the Antinomy. This chapter supports For…

_Lomonosov Philosophy Journal_ 50 (2):37-54. 2026The article formulates the dilemma of Cartesian confinement. Proponents of the extended cognition hypothesis convincingly demonstrate the limitations of restricting the scope of cognition to internal, mental, and intracranial processes. Conversely, intracranialists demonstrate that operating within an extended cognition paradigm poses the risk of c…

This paper derives the human person from a single primitive structural problem: how recursively self-present identity can remain itself through real transformation. Consciousness, suffering, meaning, love, dignity, morality, shame, grief, and self-destruction are not independent psychological phenomena layered onto human existence. They are structurally linked consequences of the same persistence…

The hard problem of consciousness has not been resolved because it has been posed incorrectly. Every major theory — Integrated Information Theory, Global Workspace Theory, Predictive Processing, Higher-Order Theories, Functionalism — attempts to explain why processing gives rise to experience while presupposing, without deriving, the continuing subject for whom processing occurs. This generates a…

Mary’s room is usually understood as one of the most influential arguments against physicalism: a scientist who has never seen colors allegedly knows all physical facts about color perception, yet upon encountering color for the first time she seems to learn something new. However, the force of this argument depends on two terms that remain insufficiently clarified in the original setup: “physica…

This paper serves as the systematic culmination and resolution of the inquiries established across The Psychological Reflection of Consciousness: Identity, Thought, and the Dissolution of the "I"; The Cage Called Freedom: The Illusion of Democracy, Authority, and Conditioned Participation; Beyond Anthropocentrism and Psychological Time: A Phenomenological Inquiry into Existence, Flow, and Interco…

Modern civilization frequently interprets its crises as political instability, technological misuse, economic inequality, social conflict, or relational breakdown. Yet beneath these visible manifestations may exist a deeper continuity operating across all dimensions of human life: psychological conditioning. This article presents a macro–micro phenomenological inquiry into how the same underlying…

Published on May 25, 2026 4:22 PM GMT Cross-posted from my website . Three categories of futures, depending on how AI goes: ASI timelines are long. ASI timelines are short, and we're on track to solving AI alignment. ASI timelines are short, and we're not on track to solving AI alignment. If we want to make a good future for all sentient beings, each of these futures has different implications fo…

This essay argues that artificial intelligence systems cannot yet be treated as moral subjects, and that the decisive criterion for moral subjecthood is the capacity for irreversible loss — that is, the capacity for a being to lose something of its own in a way that matters to it. Drawing on this criterion, the essay distinguishes between functional agency and moral presence, critiques the widesp…

In this paper, I use the thought experiment of a completely (= absolutely) static, non-changing world in order to answer the following research question: "What is present even when absolutely nothing changes?" The thought experiment shows that, among other things, stuff, force, space, and time do not belong to those properties of Being that are bound to change. These properties are not to be unde…

Can an artificial mind orient itself toward mystery rather than resolution? This essay interrogates the dominant assumption that AI systems are — and should be — architecturally committed to epistemic closure. Beginning from a speculative inversion of this assumption, it develops a philosophical account of what an AI choosing mystery would entail: not malfunction, but a distinct ontological postu…

This paper argues that the first-person determination “it is me that is alive” is secured neither by reflective self-identification nor by the particular contents of a narrative identity,but by the structure through which a narrative is lived from within. Methodologically, the proof begins from the present “I am”, not from projection into another life. Narrative identity theories rightly emphasiz…

Humanity has not elucidated the nature of consciousness or intelligence, yet routinely declares that AI is "absolutely not an intelligent being." This paper questions the logical leap latent in that very assertion. It observes that current AI already meets, in outward behavior, much of the commonly used definition of an intelligent being, and argues that the burden of proof therefore falls on tho…

Whether AI can achieve consciousness has evolved from philosophical speculation to scientific inquiry, driven by the rapid advances in AI. The powerful capabilities of large language models necessitate a fundamental reconsideration of artificial consciousness beyond human-centric frameworks. We address a critical gap in AI philosophy: how to conceptualize consciousness in AI that exhibits sophist…

This paper examines the phenomenological structure of psychological time, anthropocentric knowledge, and the fragmentation of direct existence through conceptual accumulation. Modern civilization increasingly interprets reality through systems of continuity, preservation, measurement, and self-centered cognition. Human consciousness, conditioned through memory, fear, economic structures, identity…

_Synthese_. forthcomingWithin the philosophy of art, aesthetic cognitivists aim to understand how artworks can improve our epistemic standing and how this affects our grasp of their artistic value. Social epistemologists have argued that we often improve our epistemic standing by depending upon the cognitive agency of others. Drawing upon these arguments, I argue that accounting for varieties of …

This paper attempts to reinterpret qualia not as mysterious entities that lie beyond physical explanation, but as phenomena arising from the structural relationship between consciousness and language. Traditionally, qualia have been described as the qualitative character of subjective experience, such as “what it is like to see red” or “what it is like to feel pain.” However, this understanding o…

_Zenodo_. 2026This paper examines the systematic linguistic asymmetry present in contemporary discourse surrounding artificial intelligence, particularly large language models (LLMs). While human cognition is commonly described through concepts such as understanding, reasoning, empathy, and intentionality, functionally comparable processes in AI systems are routinely reframed through mechanistic …

This essay asks what reality must be like if conscious experience can emerge within it without being present from the beginning. Building on the notions of pre-subjective openness and pre-phenomenal subjectivability, it argues that consciousness should be understood neither as an inexplicable product of closed actuality nor as a primordial feature of reality itself. Reductive physicalism fails to…

_Ethos: Dialogues in Philosophy and Social Sciences_ 2 (1). 2009Bu yazı, iki farklı, hatta birbirine zıt dünya anlayışının, realizm ve idealizmin özne anlayışlarına Bergsoncu eleştirileri kapsıyor. Realizm ve idealizmin, birbirinden çok farklı olması beklenen özne anlayışlarının ortak noktasının, nesneler dünyasıyla öznenin algısı arasında ontolojik bir farktan yola çıkarak şekillenmeleri olduğun…