Does exist ink bottle effect ? A little survey on hydraulic hysteresis

Soil physics textbooks often illustrate hysteresis with a simple diagram of a pore shaped like an old ink bottle : a wide body connected to a narrow neck. The story is familiar: during drainage, water is trapped in the wide body because the narrow neck controls the suction at which the pore can empty; during wetting, the pore fills at a lower suction than it empties. The ink-bottle model has been the standard pedagogical explanation for soil water hysteresis for more than half a century. There i