Frontiers in Oncology

Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for colorectal lesions. Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane Library and Embase databases until October 1, 2025, supplemented by manual reference screening, identified studies comparing …

Background We compared Liquid-Based Cytologic Test (LCT) results diagnosed as atypical squamous cells–cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection status and histopathological findings across two cervical screening groups. Additionally, we analyzed the clinical correlation of ASC-H with cervical lesions. Methods This retro…

Background TP53 mutational status ( TP53 ms) is prognostically important in myeloid neoplasms. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of p53 has been used as a surrogate for TP53 mutations, with faster results than next-generation sequencing (NGS) and cytogenetic analysis. Given the challenges posed by heterogeneous p53 IHC expression, this study aims to evaluate the interobserver interpretation of p53 stain…

Purpose This study primarily evaluated the efficacy and safety of prophylactic dexamethasone in preventing radiation-induced pain flare in patients with bone metastases undergoing palliative radiotherapy. Methods A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was conducted to identify prospective randomized controlled trials published up to May 2026. After screening, six studie…

Background Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is a rare, delayed complication of cranial irradiation, characterized by migraine-like headache, seizures, and focal neurological deficits with transient unilateral gyriform cortical enhancement on MRI. It has usually been regarded as a single, isolated post-radiation event. Evidence on recurrence, prodromal manifest…

Purpose There is a lack of research evaluating the clinical performance of virtual contrast-enhanced MRI (VCE-MRI). This study aims to assess the clinical utility of an established VCE-MRI technique in NPC patients and to establish patient selection criteria. Materials and methods We retrospectively collected data from 333 NPC patients across six institutions (2012-2023). VCE-MRI was synthesized …

Background Elderly patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer are underrepresented in clinical trials, and recurrence prediction models tailored to this population are lacking. We aimed to develop a prediction tool using routinely available clinicopathological indicators. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 215 women aged ≥60 years with stage IA–IIB triple-negative invasive ductal ca…

Targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibition have improved the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, it remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. While all these therapeutic strategies have yielded clinical benefit in specific patient groups, resistance and tumor heterogeneity, short-term responses, and immune evasion remain current challeng…

Objective To evaluate whether personalized three-dimensional (3D)-printed intraoral stents improve functional outcomes and setup reproducibility in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) radiotherapy without compromising dosimetric fidelity. Methods This retrospective study included 99 NPC patients treated with definitive VMAT between January 2023 and December 2024. Patients were divided into stent group…

Background Early onset cancer is defined as cancer in patients < 50 years of age. The global incidence of Early Onset (EO) is increasing for unknown reasons. EO Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, which account for approximately 27% of newly diagnosed cancer cases and 37% of cancer deaths, present distinct challenges in areas including sexual health, finance, career and family. We aimed to asse…

Background Cervical cancer (CC) ranks as the fourth most prevalent malignancy among women. High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a significant contributor to CC in economically disadvantaged nations. The incidence of CC may be significantly reduced by preventive measures, and early detection is strongly associated with improved survival rates. CC presents a substantial danger to women…

Background The microcystic, elongated, and fragmented (MELF) pattern of myometrial invasion is a morphological feature of endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) with debated prognostic significance. Most prior studies evaluated MELF across heterogeneous histologic grades and predate the FIGO 2023 staging system. We assessed MELF prevalence in a uniform Grade 1–2 EEC cohort and its clinicopathol…

Introduction Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that lipid metabolism reprogramming plays an important role in the development of tumors, especially glioma. Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) occurs in both mitochondria and peroxisomes. At present, studies of FAO have mainly focused on mitochondria, while research on peroxisomes remains limited. Metho…

Introduction ABCB1-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) reduces the intracellular accumulation of anticancer drugs and limits chemotherapy efficacy. This study investigated whether umbralisib, a dual PI3Kδ/CK1ϵ inhibitor, could reverse ABCB1-mediated MDR. Methods The reversal effect of umbralisib was evaluated in ABCB1-overexpressing drug-selected and transfected cell models using MTT assays. Drug…

Ferroptosis arises when iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation overwhelms the system xc−–glutathione–GPX4 axis and parallel antioxidant defenses. Within tumors, however, the immune consequence of this death process depends on how iron and oxidized material move between malignant and immune compartments. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) occupy this interface because they recycle iron, engulf …

Background Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is increasing globally and often presents at advanced stages with aggressive features, requiring chemotherapy that balances maternal efficacy and fetal safety. Although multidisciplinary team (MDT) management is recommended, real-world pharmacotherapy data, especially involving clinical pharmacists in Asian populations, are limited. Objectives …

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by abnormalities at the hematopoietic stem cell level and are associated with ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral cytopenias, and a propensity for leukemic transformation. Recent research elucidates the key mechanisms and roles of ribosomal proteins (RPs), microRNAs (miRNAs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), and long non…

Cancer immunotherapy has transformed the global oncology landscape, offering durable responses across malignancies once considered untreatable. In Asia and Southeast Asia, regions facing a rising cancer burden, countries such as Malaysia are progressively integrating immunotherapeutic approaches, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapies. Regional progress is supported by in…

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) exhibits substantial molecular and cell-state heterogeneity, together with marked spatial variation in its immune and stromal microenvironment. Histological classification and individual biomarkers alone cannot adequately explain its evolution or heterogeneous treatment responses. This review critically integrates genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, single-ce…

Purpose To compare the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) versus bevacizumab (both combined with chemotherapy) for first-line treatment of driver gene-negative advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods This single-center retrospective study enrolled 194 patients with driver gene-negative advanced non-squamous NSCLC treated at our hospital from May 1…