Electronics

The increasing number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in smart cities creates several challenges of trust management, resource allocation, and secure offloading. This paper introduces BTM-IoT, a blockchain-based trust management solution to improve the multi-access IoT offloading networks in urban areas. The proposed framework employs a hybrid consensus system that combines Delegated Proof-of…

Arabic remains underrepresented in many task-specific natural language processing (NLP) resources and benchmarks, particularly for specialized user interface (UI) understanding tasks. In mobile commerce, Arabic UI text may contain persuasive or deceptive design cues known as dark patterns; however, Arabic-language dark pattern detection remains largely unexplored. To the best of our knowledge, th…

This paper compares Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) torque waveforms measured on a dynamometer test bench and generated by a real-time Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) simulation. A nonlinear PMSM model, parameterised using measurements from the physical motor and incorporating magnetic saturation through Look-Up Tables, was implemented on a dSpace HiL platform. Torque signals were evaluated …

Conventional phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizers face an inherent trade-off between achieving fine frequency stepping and maintaining low phase noise, which restricts the development of high-performance frequency synthesizers in high-frequency bands. To address this issue, this paper proposes and implements a novel Ku/K-band phase-locked frequency synthesizer based on a three-stage arc…

Early identification of sepsis from electronic health records (EHRs) remains challenging because longitudinal laboratory measurements are irregularly sampled, incomplete, and dependent on the observation period. This study presents an interpretable temporal feature-engineering framework integrating Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)-based momentum descriptors with a Signal Correlation D…

Traditional indoor localization using received signal strength (RSS) fingerprinting commonly uses measured RSS values as location-related inputs. This paper investigates a paired light–dark representation of an RSS fingerprint image and a cross-modality multi-scale fusion model for small-scale indoor localization. Specifically, each RSS fingerprint image is inverted in pixel intensity, and the or…

This paper proposes a monostatic transceiver system based on a pure waveguide structure. The designed beamforming network (BFN) and polarization direction regulators enable the system to use the same waveguide path and antenna for both transmission and reception. Furthermore, the output polarization direction can be adjusted to any arbitrary angle. Simulation results indicate that the waveguide s…

The adoption of standalone Engine Control Units (ECUs) in motorsport and research vehicles introduces severe interoperability challenges with OEM electronic architectures, often rendering factory instrument clusters inoperative. Existing commercial displays address this but feature high costs, closed ecosystems, and limited extensibility. This paper presents a low-cost, software-defined automotiv…

Generalized integrated interleaved (GII) codes have emerged as a compelling coding solution for distributed storage systems, as they achieve a favorable tradeoff between error-correcting capability and repair locality. Compared with conventional two-layer GII codes, three-layer GII codes can further enhance locality. However, the three-layer GII encoders entail a recursive dependency where encodi…

To address driving safety risks and energy waste caused by significant brightness fluctuations on road surfaces, this study proposes a dynamic optimization and intelligent control method for highway tunnel lighting environments. Through field experiments and data analysis under various spatiotemporal conditions, we identified consistent visibility patterns within tunnels. The dynamic optimization…

Text-driven 3D indoor scene synthesis has witnessed significant progress through Large Language Model (LLM)-based frameworks like ReSpace. However, current paradigms heavily rely on retrieving objects from pre-defined, static 3D asset libraries, which fundamentally constrains the diversity and personalization of generated scenes due to the closed-set nature of existing databases. Conversely, rece…

Early and accurate classification of melanoma is essential for improving patient outcomes and supporting clinical decision-making. Although numerous predictive models have been proposed, comparisons between classical statistical approaches and modern machine learning algorithms are often limited by heterogeneous analytical workflows and inconsistent validation strategies. This study aimed to comp…

Bone marrow lesion (BML) volume is an essential biomarker for understanding knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, automatic BML segmentation remains challenging due to the irregular shapes and indistinct boundaries of these lesions in knee magnetic resonance images (MRI). To improve BML segmentation, this study investigated two established strategies in the specific context of BML segmentation: (1)…

This paper addresses safe coverage control for multi-agent systems on a spherical surface with obstacles. While centroidal Voronoi tessellation has been widely used for distributed coverage generation, its extension to spherical environments with safety constraints remains relatively underexplored. To address this problem, we propose a spherical coverage control framework that integrates spherica…

This study examines whether users of a containerized stock trading application may be classified from operational system logs and how the unit of analysis affects the resulting evaluation. The workload generator implements three predefined behavioral roles: read-only users, active trading users, and active users who additionally perform market analysis. A diagnostic event-level workflow treats in…

Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) has emerged as a key enabling technology for future sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks by enabling sensing and communication functionalities to share spectrum, hardware resources, and signal processing infrastructure. However, practical ISAC systems are affected by self-interference, mutual interference between sensing and communication signals, an…

Channel fading and impulse noise in low-voltage station areas severely hinder data acquisition, and effective estimation of dual-mode channel data and state is the critical prerequisite for adaptive transmission. To address the impact of impulse noise on the performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) power line communication systems, this paper proposes a wireless-assisted j…

Open wireless propagation makes unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) links vulnerable to eavesdroppers distributed over roads, building clusters, or other continuous regions. This paper proposes a low-rank threat-subspace method for cooperative secure beamforming from distributed ground transmitters to a legitimate UAV. Steering vectors sampled over one or multiple azimuth–elevation threat regions are c…

High photovoltaic (PV) penetration can reduce grid-energy imports but may worsen voltage performance in radial distribution feeders. This paper develops a unified mixed-discrete PV–BESS planning framework that jointly optimizes siting, sizing, hourly storage operation, and a common inverter voltage-support gain subject to inverter capability limits. Five metaheuristic algorithms are compared over…

Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) architectures require unit-cell-level gain while keeping the per-element power consumption and fabrication cost low. This work presents a compact low-power reflection amplifier operating in C-band for 5G and 6G applications, implemented with a single SiGe HBT on a standard FR4 substrate. The design was carried out using nonlinear circuit simulations…