Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Risk stratification of patients with mitral regurgitation (MR), including both primary (degenerative) and secondary (functional) forms, remains challenging, particularly in asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic stages, as clinical assessment and resting echocardiography may underestimate disease severity and functional impairment. Exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) enables dynamic…

Background/Objectives: Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar spectrum disorders are at increased risk of substance use; categorical diagnoses may not fully explain individual variability in substance-related outcomes. This study examined substance use severity in clinically complex adolescents, focusing on the role of primary diagnosis and transdiagnostic di…

Background: Obstructive jaundice is a common clinical condition, often caused by malignant tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD) is a widely used intervention method to relieve biliary obstruction in patients with obstructive jaundice; however, the impact of PTCD on hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation has not…

Background: Fertility preservation aims to maintain reproductive potential in patients undergoing potentially gonadotoxic treatments, increasingly relying on centralized cryobanks requiring ovarian tissue transport. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is a widely implemented, evidence-based procedure for young women (age 18–35) with a regular ovarian reserve. The ovaries of patients are typically tra…

Background: Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease are the most common forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with increasing prevalence both globally and in Poland. Many aspects of how a patient’s everyday function and treatment remain underexplored. Methods: This study recruited adult patients with IBD hospitalized in the Department of Digestive Tract Diseases of the Medical University of L…

Background: This study aims to systematically review the current literature on the application of radiomic features and artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis and prognosis of common peripheral nerve-related conditions, including carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy and sk…

Background: Venous catheter placement is the most common invasive procedure performed in hospitals. Despite their widespread use and importance in healthcare, these devices can cause complications such as catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CABSIs). Although several studies have investigated potential risk factors, including sociodemographic, medical history, and clinical variables, the r…

Background: Sex-related differences in insulin sensitivity during adolescence remain incompletely understood, particularly in the context of obesity. Whether these differences reflect variations in basal insulin resistance or dynamic insulin responses remains unclear. Objective: To investigate sex differences in glucose and insulin responses during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to ex…

Background/Objectives: This study analyzes the relationship between obesity phenotypes and sleep apnea risk in the Korean population. Methods: This study utilized data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) collected between 2019 and 2021 (n = 10,970 adults; age ≥ 40 years). Obesity phenotypes were classified into four groups based on body mass index (BMI) and …

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate maternal serum afamin levels in women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), examine their relationship with fasting bile acid concentrations, and assess their association with perinatal outcomes. Methods: This prospective case-–control study included 80 singleton pregnancies followed at a tertiary perinatology center between October 2025 and Mar…

Background: Suicide prevention strategies in university settings largely rely on detecting explicit suicidal ideation. However, students experiencing severe psychiatric distress may not endorse suicidal thoughts and therefore remain unidentified by ideation-centered screening models. This study aimed to identify and clinically characterize university students with high depressive symptoms, poor s…

Background/Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in heterogeneous recovery across cognitive and motor domains. However, the prognostic implications of motor–cognitive imbalance at the time of rehabilitation discharge remain unclear. This study investigated whether discharge patterns of motor–cognitive imbalance are associated with functional outcomes at 1- and 2-year follow-up in…

Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a mucin-producing pancreatic tumor with variable malignant potential. While most are asymptomatic and indolent, a subset progress to invasive carcinoma or cause local complications such as pancreatitis. Spontaneous fistulation into adjacent organs is an increasingly recognized phenomenon with impact on prognosis and management. The inc…

Measles remains one of the most contagious infectious diseases globally and continues to pose substantial public health risks despite decades of effective vaccination. This narrative review examines both classical and contemporary computational approaches used for measles monitoring, prediction, and control, with particular attention given to the emerging role of artificial intelligence (AI). We …

Background/Objectives: Estimate the prevalence of myopia among children aged 6–17 years in county and rural areas across seven geographically diverse provinces of China, and identify demographic, behavioral, and geographic factors associated with myopia, with particular focus on urban–rural and ethnic differences. Methods: A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling design was employed. Seven provi…

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide and a major contributor to the global cardiometabolic burden. Early identification of patients at risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and advanced fibrosis is essential to prevent liver-related and cardiovascular complications. In Spain, th…

Background: Risk stratification of patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) remains challenging, as symptom-based assessment may underestimate disease severity. Exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) provides a comprehensive evaluation of valvular, ventricular, and cardiopulmonary responses under physiological stress and may improve prognostic assessment. Methods: A systematic review was c…

Background/Objectives: Copeptin, a marker of endogenous stress, has been used for the early detection of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in combination with conventional cardiac troponin. However, its incremental diagnostic value, when combined with high-sensitivity troponin, is not well defined. This study seeks to assess the diagnostic performance for NSTEMI of a Dual Marker Str…

Background/Objectives: Fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic repair (F/BEVAR) is increasingly used for the treatment of complex aortic aneurysms, and is traditionally performed under general anesthesia (GA). Data on the use of local anesthesia (LA) for F/BEVAR remain limited. This study aimed to report early outcomes of F/BEVAR performed under LA versus GA, with a focus on feasibility and …

Objective: This study aimed to compare time-dependent changes in visual acuity (VA), central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and the structure and elasticity of ocular tissues, as measured by shear wave elastography (SWE), in the preoperative, postoperative 1st week, and 1st month periods. Methods: This prospective observational study with repeated measurements included 22 in…