Buildings

Understanding chloride transport in fly ash cement pastes is essential for improving durability, yet the relationships between pore structure parameters and the apparent chloride diffusion coefficient remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates these relationships and assesses the relative associations of selected pore structure parameters with the apparent chloride diffusion coeffi…

Inefficiencies and low productivity persist in the construction industry due to limited digital integration and weak data use in decision-making. This study examines how internal data analytics, such as the systematic use of organisational data-like cost reports, safety logs, and project schedules, can enhance decision-making and organisational capability in New Zealand’s small- and medium-sized …

Background/Objectives: Empirical research exploring the linkages between community leisure facility diversity, distinct facility categories, and mental health outcomes among older populations remains scarce, especially regarding gender-specific variations. Methods: Grounded in social capital theory, this study establishes an analytical framework to unpack the underlying mechanisms of these relati…

This study investigates cellulose nanofiber (CNF) suspension as a nano-reinforcement for underwater non-dispersible concrete, aiming to improve the balance among workability, washout resistance, and compressive-strength performance. An L9 orthogonal array was employed to evaluate the dosage-dependent responses of CNF suspension, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and a polycarboxylate ether-ba…

As timber construction continues to expand toward taller and larger buildings, ensuring structural resilience under fire conditions requires advanced fire–structural performance assessment approaches. Such assessments generally integrate fire models to define thermal exposure, heat transfer models to predict temperature evolution within structural members, and structural models to evaluate fire-i…

Architecture has often represented itself through permanence, stability, and formal autonomy while materially existing through irreversible exchanges, dissipation, aging, maintenance, and transformation. Situated within a cumulative research program on architectural conception, thermodynamics, constructal law, environmental transfer, digital design, and spatial morphogenesis, this article isolate…

Post-disaster temporary housing (PDTH) plays a central role in bridging emergency response and long-term recovery, yet its implementation is affected by a wide range of institutional, economic, site-related, technical, and environmental risks. Existing studies commonly examine only one or a limited number of these risk categories, making it difficult to compare their relative importance within a …

The renovation of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings is essential to reduce the environmental impact of the existing building stock while improving its energy performance and resilience. However, existing renovation strategies are often addressed separately, making it difficult to compare their capabilities and limitations. This study presents a comprehensive review of renovation approac…

To improve the seismic performance and post-earthquake recoverability of low- and mid-rise steel frames, this study investigates the seismic performance and layout strategy of a self-centering friction damper (SCFD) through experimental and numerical studies. The SCFD combines the superelastic restoring capability of shape memory alloy (SMA) bars with the energy dissipation provided by non-asbest…

Light pozzolanic soft clay has high compressibility and relatively poor structural stability, which limits its direct application in subgrade and foundation engineering. This study develops a sustainable combined stabilization–reinforcement system for lightweight volcanic ash soil using a steel slag–fly ash-based composite cementitious binder (GS) and recycled polyester fiber (RPF). Unconfined co…

Traditional space syntax research mainly focuses on the overall topology of street networks, with insufficient attention to street segments and spatial skeletons. To fill this gap, this study innovatively integrates segment and skeleton analysis into space syntax and proposes a multilevel segment–skeleton–network analytical framework. Taking Beijing’s Capital Core Area (CCA) as a case, we analyze…

Extreme spatial intensification in affordable housing exposes the structural limitations of conventional room-based zoning, yet existing generative design methods often fail to deeply couple spatial automation with volatile occupant behavioral logic. This study proposes a generalizable Structure–Behavior–Function (SBF)-based generative framework to realize the transition from top-down rigid zonin…

Distortion-induced fatigue is an important failure mechanism in steel plate girder bridges. Existing studies have advanced the understanding of local stress responses and damage identification of distortion-sensitive details; however, the mechanism by which traffic lane distribution affects distortion-induced fatigue characteristics and governs fatigue damage accumulation remains insufficiently u…

Community parks support everyday leisure, exercise, and social interaction, but how multidimensional microscale spatial and visual features are differently associated with these behavior types continues to warrant further investigation. In particular, semantic composition, spatial form, and low-level visual features have rarely been integrated with video-based behavior recognition and nonlinear m…

Airports are complex infrastructure systems with important environmental, operational, and social impacts that require integrated sustainability governance. Although numerous international regulations, environmental management standards, certification schemes, and policy initiatives have been developed to support airport sustainability, existing research has largely examined these mechanisms inde…

The Monolithic Precast Concrete Shear Wall System (MPCSWS) has become an important structural form for industrialized and sustainable construction, but its broader application is still constrained by the reliability, seismic behavior, and long-term performance of connection regions. Existing studies are abundant but remain insufficiently systematized, especially regarding the relationship among t…

The cement industry accounts for approximately 7% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions, making clinker reduction, alternative binders, and carbon use and capture technologies essential mitigation strategies. However, decarbonization based on the replacement of clinkers with supplementary cementitious materials or alternative binders generally adjusts the materials’ physicochemical properties and…

Architectural design problems vary significantly in their degree of definition, and this variation may influence the creative outcomes of student work. This study provides an empirically validated comparison of creativity scores across well-defined and ill-defined architectural design problems, employing a five-criterion framework (elaboration, imagination, flexibility, fluency, and originality) …

Liquefaction is one of the most destructive geotechnical hazards affecting foundations and earth structures during earthquakes. Although geosynthetic-encased stone columns (GESCs) have demonstrated promising performance in mitigating liquefaction, their behavior has primarily been investigated at the single-column level, while the seismic response of finite GESC groups remains insufficiently unde…

With the expansion of urban underground space, the structural safety of underground infrastructure has become increasingly critical. The urban underground utility tunnel is a typical deeply buried lifeline project. Its internal environment is humid and confined, and the structure is subjected to long-term heavy loads and earth pressure. Under such conditions, micro-cracks readily propagate into l…