Annals of Surgery

Objective: To develop a predictive model for pathological complete response (pCR) after total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) to inform selection for watch-and-wait (W/W). Summary Background Data: Patient selection for W/W after TNT for locally advanced rectal cancer remains challenging. Methods: An ensemble of tabular foundation models was fine-tuned in adults with clinical stage II or III microsatell…

Objective: To explore surgical clinicians’ understanding of and activities related to palliative care (PC) in major elective surgery among seriously ill older adults. Summary Background Data: Despite professional standards and guidelines, PC remains infrequently utilized among seriously ill older adults undergoing major elective surgery. Methods: We conducted observations of clinic encounters and…

Objective: To compare outcomes of single(SLT) versus bilateral(BLT) lung transplantation among dually listed recipients hypothetically eligible for either treatment. Summary Background Data: Considerable debate remains regarding the added benefit of BLT versus SLT. Prior analyses were confounded by significant selection bias or limited in generalizability to the contemporary era; a randomized tri…

Objective: ABRUPT2 was a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial to determine whether lactated Ringer’s + 5% albumin (Alb) reduces resuscitation requirements compared to lactated Ringer’s (LR) alone in major burns. Summary Background Data: The prospective, observational, multicenter ABRUPT study(1) found that initiation of albumin rapidly lowered fluid input and improved urine output in patien…

Objective: This study prospectively compared lymphedema rates with perometer, tape measure, and bioimpedance spectroscopy (L-Dex) in patients with breast cancer undergoing axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Background: Perometer, tape measure, and L-Dex are all used for diagnosing lymphedema, although lymphedema rates may vary between these techniques. Methods: From November 2016 to March 202…

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficiency of a novel computed tomography (CT)-guided hookwire localization technique, aiming to enable parenchyma-sparing wedge resection using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for small, hilar-proximal, ground-glass opacity (GGO)-dominant nodules. Summary Background Data: Localizing hilar-proximal GGOs remains challenging. For small, hilar-proxim…

Objective: To compare 1-year changes in estimated 10-year and lifetime atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) versus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) therapy among adults with obesity. Summary Background Data: Obesity is a major driver of ASCVD through adverse metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Metabolic and bariatri…

Objective: To evaluate the impact of trauma center care on one-year mortality among injured older adults. Background: Older adults represent the fastest growing population of injured patients, however the long-term benefit of trauma center care among these patients is unknown. Methods: We performed a population-based cohort study of individuals age ≥ 65 with moderate or severe injuries (presence …

Objective: To assess the association between preoperative radiotherapy (RT) and major postoperative complications in patients with primary retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). Background: The effect of preoperative RT on postoperative morbidity in patients undergoing surgery for primary RPS remains uncertain. Methods: In the post hoc analysis, analyses were performed for the entire STRASS cohort and fo…

There is a significant volume-outcome relationship after F/BEVAR. As commercially available devices become available, volume thresholds may provide an opportunity to guide dissemination of the technology while ensuring acceptable patient outcomes.

Delayed surgery for aSBO is associated with higher early mortality and bowel resection rates. Surgical management, particularly laparoscopic, substantially reduces long-term recurrence. Timely operative decision-making is crucial to balance immediate risks with long-term outcomes.

This study demonstrated a growing awareness of burnout in the surgical community. While some interventions show potential, the mixed results highlight the need for ongoing research. The stigma associated with burnout prevents uptake and the attrition rate described in the literature needs consideration when developing any future interventions.

Routine SSRF did not reduce ICU stay and was associated with longer hospitalization and more pneumonia but yielded clinically meaningful quality-of-life and pain improvements. Findings support selective rather than routine SSRF.Keywords.