Abstract Background Sustainable intensification of soybean production requires strategies that simultaneously enhance plant growth, nutrient acquisition, and microbial symbiosis, particularly in nutrient-limited soils. Methods This experiment investigated the combined effects of organic amendments (Biochar, Vermicompost) and microbial biofertilizers [encapsulated Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)] on the morphophysiological performance of black soybean ( Glycine max ). Results All