Pharmacists’ perspectives on medication therapy management training needs for chronic disease care in Indonesian primary healthcare centers: a qualitative study across 32 provinces

Abstract Background Chronic diseases place a growing burden on health systems and require effective strategies to support long-term medication use. Medication Therapy Management (MTM) has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in chronic disease care, but its implementation depends on pharmacists’ competencies and access to structured training. In Indonesia, MTM remains inconsistently implemented in primary healthcare centers (PHCs), and pharmacists have reported competency gaps in the absence