The impact of tidal regimes on the stress physiology of English oak (Quercus robur)

Introduction Restored estuarine floodplains with an artificially controlled reduced tide (CRT) are dynamic areas created for flood protection whilst also providing habitats for estuarine wildlife. However, the reintroduction of the tide poses stressors, including salinity and waterlogged soils because of periodic flooding, on established vegetation such as English oak ( Quercus robur ). Therefore, newly opened CRT areas give the opportunity of studying the effects of flooding, salinity, and drai