Comparative effectiveness of hand hygiene modalities in reducing microbial colonization on nurses’ hands in surgical settings in Jordan
Hanadi Dakhilallah·Boshra El-Sayed·Kamlah Ahmed Sari Al-Olaimat·Mohammad Ahmad Al-me’ani·Mohamed MI Helal·Rasha Abdulhalim Alqadi·Bander Albagawi
Objective To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of hand washing, alcohol-based hand rub, and their combination in reducing microbial colonization on nurses’ hands in surgical departments. Methods A quasi-experimental comparative study was conducted at Jordan Hospital, a tertiary private healthcare institution in Amman, Jordan across 10 surgical departments. Forty-five nurses were alternating sequence as participants were assigned into three equal groups: G1 (hand washing only), G2 (alcohol-b