Efficacy and safety of 125I seed implantation combined with thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy in cervical lymph node metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma

Background Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is a common endocrine malignancy, and cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) represents the predominant pattern of disease recurrence. For patients who develop persistent or recurrent cervical lesions following total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (131I) therapy, conventional reoperation or additional 131I therapy often provides limited efficacy and may carry increased procedural risks. Methods This single-center retrospective cohort study in