Green synthesis and characterization of zinc chitosan nanoparticles with their anti-bacterial study against rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xo o) and leads to significant yield loss. The overuse of antibacterial chemicals casuse environmental toxicity, high cost, and low biosafety generating interest in eco-friendly alternatives.This study evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of biosynthesized zinc–chitosan nanoparticles (ZnChNPs) against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xoo ). Successful synthesis was confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy w