Mesenchymal stem cells for recurrent miscarriage
Famela S. Ramos·George Delgado·George K. Ng·James Veltmeyer·Michael P. Koumjian·Feng Lin·Dede Byrne·Jesus Perez
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), affecting 1–5% of couples, is frequently driven by immunological dysregulation, including excessive natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, reduced regulatory T cell (Treg) function, Th1/Th17 dominance, and inflammatory cytokine imbalance at the maternal-fetal interface. These abnormalities disrupt immune tolerance to the semi-allogeneic fetus, leading to implantation failure or early miscarriage. Current interventions (e.g. low-dose aspirin/heparin for antiphospho