Photothermally Triggered Bacterial–Manganese Immune Amplifier Enables Spatiotemporal STING Hyper-Activation against Cold Tumors

Cold tumors suffer from insufficient innate immune priming. To overcome this, we construct a photothermally programmable bacterial-metal immune amplifier (Bac@IR780@MnTA). This hybrid material is sequentially assembled by anchoring IR780 onto interferon-β (IFN-β)-expressing Escherichia coli, followed by the in situ deposition of a manganese-tannic acid (MnTA) coordination shell. Near-infrared irradiation simultaneously induces tumor DNA damage and immunogenic cell death, functionin