Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major food crop that is widely cultivated worldwide. Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum poses a growing threat to wheat yield and quality. Cysteine-rich secretory proteins (SCPs) mediate plant defense, but the role of wheat TaSCPs in FHB resistance remains unclear. Here, we report that TaSCP1-6B, a conserved, positively selected SCP gene upregulated during early Fg infection, enhances FHB resistanc