Xanthogranulomatous ureteritis can be associated with a ureter duplex and a complete duplex kidney

Xanthogranulomatous ureteritis (XGU) has been described as a rare, mass-forming, locally destructive ureteral inflammatory lesion, most often associated with enteric Gram-negative bacilli. The current case report documents that XGU may be associated with the urinary tract congenital anomalies including a complete duplex kidney, ureter duplex, and ureterocele. An overlap with the definition of malakoplakia is discussed.