Water extract rice husk as an efficient catalyst to synthesis of p-thymol tailored 1,2,4-triazole sulfanyls as potential antidiabetic candidates

This study presents a new series of sulfanyl derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole (7a–L), synthesized from 5-((4-isopropyl-3-methylphenoxy)methyl)-4-phenyl-4 H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (5) and substituted alkyl halides (6a–L). A green synthetic approach was developed using rice husk water extract as a catalyst, highlighting the principles of sustainable chemistry. In addition, p-thymol, a naturally occurring phenolic monoterpenoid, was employed in the synthesis of the target compounds to reduce environme