NNew Phytologist3/26/2026

Calcium‐dependent protein kinases participate in RBOH ‐mediated sustained ROS burst during plant immune cell death

Plant immune responses comprise two phases, pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Sensing of the pathogen effector by a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR) induces robust and sustained immune responses, resulting in hypersensitive response (HR) cell death. During HR, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst is achieved through Nicotiana benthamiana NbRBOHB. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms of the ROS burst during HR are unclear. Here,