Abstract The agriculture industry is an essential segment of a nation’s economic growth. For Malaysia, it is not only meet increase food security but also a necessary to the nation’s economic development. Owing to this industry, Malaysia holds a significant situation in imports from near Asian countries. Although, the agriculture production is considered as the pillar of the nation’s growth. Though, the industry also faces many challenges fitting to the climate smart agriculture practices also known as smart farming/ smart agriculture. The aim climate smart agriculture (CSA) practices are to realize sustainable food production. Thereby, this study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) to examine factors including land availability, trialability and farmer’s acceptability which enables the key role of CSA practices, and it also enables sustainable food production and food security. Drawing from access theory and diffusion of innovation theory, the conceptual framework proposed a mediation model in which CSA practices was studies as a unique mechanism highlighting why agriculture production are additional likely to involve in sustainable food production and food security under the developed positive factors by agriculture sector. This study will contribute to the body of awareness a comprehensive vision of CSA practices and its impact for agriculture sector in Malaysia. The research verdicts will confirm a significant knowledge regarding high need of readiness for CSA practices as a mediating effect of factors and food security. This study will provide an instruction for farmers to cover the way for successful execution of CSA practices. This study will highlight attention among national policymakers and draw in agriculture stakeholders who can help create outstanding policies for CSA practices while taking into explanation the critical function of elements that will contribute to food security. Finally, the conclusions will benefit the farmers to contribute to food security and produce sustainable food production.