Colorectal cancer pathogenesis, oncogenic signaling networks and targeted therapeutic advances

Colorectal cancer (CRC) constitutes a prominent global health burden, being the third most frequently diagnosed malignancy in terms of incidence and the second leading cause of cancer-associated death across the globe. Malignant transformation of colonic epithelial cells stems from the intricate dysregulation of intracellular signal transduction networks. Although targeted therapies have substantially improved patient survival relative to traditional treatments, the complexity of the molecular n