Physical unclonable functions based on chaotic vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for dynamic authentication
Yating Wan
Nature Electronics, Published online: 12 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41928-026-01627-y By using chaotic vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers as entropy sources for key generation, a security system based on physical unclonable functions can be created that offers response rates above 500 Gbps with an energy consumption below 1 pJ per bit per laser emitter.