Retaining Structures in Slope Stabilization: A Comparative Analysis on Safety and Cost Effectiveness

This study evaluates slope stabilization methods using gravity stone walls, reinforced concrete cantilever walls, and pile shoring systems. Stability and economic performance of these systems were compared through analyses conducted with Plaxis 2D and İstCAD software on a model slope subjected to increasing excavation depths. Results show that gravity stone walls are more economical up to 5 m, while cantilever walls are preferable between 5–9 m. Beyond 9 m, both methods become inadequate, and pi