This study presents an axiomatic ontological framework that redefines the fundamental nature of the universe through the concept of information. The core proposition is: The universe is a dynamic information environment in which distinguishable state differences are produced, interact, and are transmitted through stabilization across multi-layered systems. Information is defined as "distinguishable difference + interaction capacity" and reinterpreted through the ontological/epistemic distinction. Information is ontologically conserved; it transforms its representation, and its accessibility may decrease. The model establishes a common ontological ground across physics, biology, and cognitive systems, and proposes testable hypotheses through thermodynamics, artificial intelligence, and ecosystems. This approach represents a shift from a matter-centered ontology to a process and information-centered ontology.