Digital music-driven instructional activities to enhance primary students’ learning engagement and music literacy skills in Jiangsu

IntroductionPrevious research on digital music teaching in primary education has largely focused on learning outcomes, while often neglecting the underlying learning processes that contribute to these gains. This study investigates the extent to which digital music-driven instructional activities enhance primary students' music learning engagement and support the development of music literacy skills in Jiangsu, China.MethodsGrounded in a mixed-methods design, the study employed a pre-post engage