High screen time and low child-adult talk associated with poorer language development in early childhood
Anni Tamm
ObjectivesTo examine associations between children's and parents' screen time, children's face-to-face talk with adults, and children's language skills.Design, setting, and participantsCross-sectional study based on mother-reported survey data collected from September 2023 to December 2024 in Estonia. Participants were 458 children aged 30–48 months; analyses included 448 children (mean [SD] age, 39.1 [5.0] months) with complete data.MeasuresDaily child screen time, parental screen time, and chi