Human societies are increasingly disconnected from the ecological systems upon which they depend, even as access to biodiversity information continues to expand. Biodiversity digitization, natural history collections, biodiversity informatics, and artificial intelligence have transformed how organisms and ecosystems are documented, analyzed, and communicated. While these developments have created unprecedented opportunities for scientific discovery and conservation, they have also contributed to forms of ecological abstraction in which biodiversity is encountered primarily as data, records, images, and computational resources rather than as living ecological relationships. This paper develops the Ecological Abstraction–Ecological Association Continuum, a conceptual framework describing how biodiversity information infrastructures shape ecological understanding and ecological re-identification by positioning biodiversity representations along a spectrum from decontextualized information toward context-rich ecological relationships. Ecological abstraction occurs when organisms and ecosystems become detached from the ecological, historical, cultural, and place-based relationships that give them meaning. Ecological association, by contrast, preserves and communicates those relationships, enabling biodiversity information to remain connected to organisms, places, communities, environmental histories, and systems of stewardship. Drawing upon literature from biodiversity informatics, museum studies, environmental humanities, ecological literacy, provenance research, and community science, we argue that such infrastructures are not merely technical systems but also systems of representation that shape how biodiversity is perceived, understood, and valued. We develop this framework by examining museum collections as ecocultural memory systems, provenance as a mechanism for preserving relational continuity, participatory biodiversity information infrastructures as pathways for ecological engagement, and artificial intelligence as both an opportunity and a potential driver of ecological abstraction. We propose that the Ecological Abstraction–Ecological Association Continuum provides a conceptual basis for understanding how biodiversity information infrastructures can either inhibit or support ecological re-identification. We hypothesize that infrastructures positioned closer to ecological association create conditions that enable people to recognize themselves as participants within ecological systems by preserving ecological context, provenance, place-based relationships, participation, and relational meaning. In turn, ecological re-identification is expected to strengthen stewardship and enduring human–nature relationships.