Żebrowska, Katarzyna: Differences in the EU regulations for biomedical research on humans and animals: an ethical analysis

_Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy_ 28 (3):447-460. 2025The European Union regulations for research on human and nonhuman participants differ significantly. This study aims to present a thorough analysis of these differences in the field of biomedical research. The study consists of a review of regulations issued by the European Union and Council of Europe institutions, supported by two UNESCO documents. The regulations are compared between three types of research: on humans, on nonhuman anim