From emergency remote teaching to post-pandemic practice: lived experiences of primary school English teachers in Costa Rica

IntroductionThe global health crisis declared in 2020 generated unprecedented disruptions across educational systems worldwide. In Costa Rica, official mandates issued by the Ministry of Public Education led to the rapid implementation of two modalities previously untested at a national scale: distance education in 2020, largely enacted as emergency remote teaching, and blended learning in 2021 (understood as “combined” education), followed by a phased return to face-to-face instruction in 2022.