IntroductionGenerative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly transforming scientific workflows, yet empirical data on its adoption within national research infrastructures remain scarce.MethodsThis study presents the results of a comprehensive survey conducted at the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) in spring 2025, collecting 371 responses (∼20% of the workforce). Data were analyzed quantitatively, including user segmentation through K-Means clustering, while qualitative f