Amphibolis antarctica (Labill.) Asch. produces large, well-developed viviparous seedlings, raising a fundamental question: Are these seedlings the result of sexual or asexual reproduction? This distinction carries significant implications for understanding dispersal, genetic diversity, and ecosystem resilience. Here, we present our observations on population structure, the development of embryos, morphological features of A. antarctica and testing genetic variability using new microsatellite mar