This study aims to explore the impact of transformational basketball coaching on athletes' technical-tactical performance and its efficiency ratio. A quantitative research design integrating questionnaire surveys and controlled experimental comparisons was adopted. A total of 306 basketball athletes and their coaches were recruited as the initial sample, with 286 valid samples ultimately retained for data analysis. The study developed and validated evaluation scales and calculation tools for core variables, and implemented a 6-month longitudinal tracking with pre-test, mid-test and post-test measurements for both the experimental group and the control group. Post-test results indicate that the experimental group under transformational coaching achieved significant improvements: the comprehensive technical score reached 7.15, the tactical execution rate reached 34.67%, and the technical-tactical performance efficiency ratio reached 7.02. All these indicators were significantly higher than those of the control group, with t-values of 8.26, 10.53 and 12.38 respectively and all p-values below 0.01.