Online and distributed monitoring of moisture in the solid insulation of converter transformers remains a challenging task. To address this issue, a digital twin framework integrating virtual sensing and mixed reality (MR) is developed. Electro-thermal coupling experiments are conducted to examine the role of direct current (DC) electric fields, showing that they not only suppress moisture diffusion but also promote its accumulation in regions with higher field intensity. Based on these observat
Fusing virtual sensing and mixed reality: a novel digital twin framework for visualizing DC field-induced moisture migration in transformer insulation
Jie Ren
