Energies

Transformers serve as crucial hubs for power transmission, but during no-load energization, the nonlinear magnetization of their cores frequently induces extreme magnetizing inrush currents. Current suppression methods encounter challenges regarding transient feature extraction and excessive circuit complexity. To overcome these limitations, this study develops a high-fidelity model of a 100 kVA …

The energy consumption of digital communication infrastructures is increasingly recognized as a component of operational building energy use. In multi-story public buildings, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) are typically deployed under static, always-on configurations, leading to avoidable energy overhead caused by spatial interference and inefficient access point placement. This study propo…

The rapid integration of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) generation is reshaping low-voltage distribution grids (LVDGs), creating voltage rise, reverse power flow, and congestion challenges for distribution system operators (DSOs). Flexibility in generation and demand, broadly understood as the capability to adjust generation or consumption in response to variability and uncertainty in net lo…

This paper describes the thermal and energy performance of three roof configurations: a conventional concrete slab, a BIPV system, and a BIPV system equipped with passive aluminum fins. Three-dimensional transient finite element simulations were carried out under field-measured 24 h meteorological boundary conditions characteristic of hot climates. The objective of this study is to quantify the i…

District heating systems play a critical role in urban energy supply; however, secondary networks suffer from frequent sensor failures that undermine thermal balance control. The development of virtual sensors to estimate return-water temperatures offers a promising solution to this challenge. This study investigates the performance of different feature selection methods for developing virtual se…

Under the dual pressures of global carbon emission reduction and production cost control, energy-intensive industrial enterprises are in urgent need of a balanced low-carbon operation strategy that reconciles economic benefits, environmental performance and production continuity. To address the limitations of existing methods in multi-dimensional objective balancing, this paper proposes a dynamic…

Accurate prediction of energy consumption is essential for the operation and charging management of battery-electric buses. Existing prediction studies are often constrained by incomplete or low-resolution input data, limiting their robustness under real-world operating conditions. This paper presents a high-resolution, sensor-rich energy consumption modeling framework using second-by-second oper…

Accurate electric vehicle (EV) charging load forecasting is essential for grid planning and resource allocation, yet existing approaches struggle with the inherent sparsity of charging data—a phenomenon characterized by excessive zeros representing periods of no charging activity. This paper addresses this challenge through a novel framework combining a Zero-Inflated Neural Network (ZINN) archite…

To address the problem whereby traditional model predictive control suffers from mismatches between the model and actual parameters due to system parameter variations in the capacitor voltage-balancing control of a neutral-point-clamped (NPC) five-level inverter, an improved model-free predictive control strategy based on particle swarm optimization and the deadbeat principle is proposed. Firstly…

With the large-scale integration of wind power, modern power systems are facing reduced equivalent inertia, weakened primary frequency regulation capability, and insufficient coordination between wind turbines and energy storage during joint frequency support. To address these issues, this paper investigates a wind–storage hybrid system composed of doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) and super…

Hydraulic flushing is an effective permeability enhancement technology for coal seams in underground coal mines and has been widely applied in several mining areas in China. However, in low-permeability coal seams, gas drainage from hydraulic flushing boreholes often enters a rapid depletion phase, and achieving secondary enhanced drainage remains a critical challenge. To address this issue, this…

The transition from traditional synchronous generators to intermittent renewable sources, combined with increasingly variable and difficult-to-control energy demand, is creating a growing need for large-scale reserves and energy storage. At the same time, reduced system inertia and evolving electricity market regimes are emerging as important challenges that may affect grid stability, reliability…

Dual three-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (DT-IPMSMs) are widely used in high-power and high-reliability applications, and accurate rotor polarity identification at startup is a critical prerequisite for their stable and efficient operation. This study aims to address the problem of initial position acquisition during the startup of DT-IPMSMs by proposing a simple and fast rot…

This study reports on the design, construction, and operation of a laboratory-scale biomass gasification reactor, together with the procedures used to define and evaluate key operational and performance variables, including piston velocity, nominal biomass residence time, airflow rate, gas yield, lower heating value, and gasification efficiency. The unit is a moving-bed reactor operating in co-cu…

Dynamic wireless power transfer can reduce electric vehicles’ charging downtime and range anxiety, but its benefits depend on route characteristics and system design. This work develops an integrated numerical framework combining (i) route-specific drive-cycle analysis, (ii) identification of candidate charging segments based on speed, stops and slope constraints, (iii) a physics-informed inducti…

In today’s energy landscape, defined by the growing demand for sustainable energy generation technologies and the parallel need to advance internal combustion engine (ICE) architectures toward cleaner and more efficient solutions, the adoption of Free-Piston Linear Generator (FPLG) engines emerges as a highly promising approach. This innovative system enables the direct conversion of combustion-i…

To advance the design of novel clean coal-fired boilers, this study integrates artificial intelligence with numerical simulations to optimize a 130 MW conceptual boiler based on Moderate or Intense Low-oxygen Dilution (MILD) and oxy-coal combustion technologies. First, mathematical models for pulverized-coal MILD-oxy combustion are validated using experimental data from a 0.58 MW pilot-scale boil…

In the context of the transition of the European energy sector and economy towards sustainable systems, this study aims to investigate the influence of digital enablers on affordable and clean energy in the European Union, using an econometric approach based on panel data regression. In accordance with the literature review and the main programmatic documents that mark the sustainable transition …

The rapid growth of residential photovoltaic (PV) installations has increased interest in electrical storage units (ESUs) as a means of enhancing self-consumption and reducing surplus electricity fed into the grid. However, in temperate climates characterized by strong seasonal variability in solar generation, the economic viability of residential battery storage remains uncertain. This study exa…

The transition to low-emission road transport in Europe depends not only on the growth of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) uptake, but also on the timely expansion of publicly accessible charging infrastructure. This article provides a descriptive and diagnostic assessment of the relationship between electrification dynamics and public charging infrastructure development in Europe. The analysis com…