Oxford University Press eBooks

Abstract This chapter describes mechanisms of accountability for serious violations of international law committed in non-international armed conflict. It examines individual criminal responsibility for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The chapter also addresses the primary obligation of States to investigate and prosecute allegations of war crimes, the role of international and…

Abstract This chapter focuses on the protection of persons who are not fighting and are in the power of a party to a non-international armed conflict. It describes who is covered by this protection and the conduct required of the parties to protect them under international humanitarian law and international human rights law. The chapter addresses, inter alia, humane treatment as well as the prote…

Abstract This chapter examines how international humanitarian law and international human rights law regulate the deprivation of liberty, whether by States or non-State armed groups (NSAGs). This includes internment for reasons of security and detention on criminal charges. States and NSAGs may also administer justice by prosecuting enemy fighters, their own members, and civilians on criminal cha…

Abstract This book examines what triggers the beginning of a non-international armed conflict (NIAC) and the application of international humanitarian law (IHL), and explores how treaty and customary rules balance military necessity with humanitarian concerns to regulate the conduct of hostilities and protect persons not participating in the fighting. Furthermore, the book examines the applicatio…

Abstract This chapter offers a critical overview of the role, structure, nature, and operation of Israel’s executive branch, the government. Starting with a brief history, the author spans the main features of the law governing the government under a pattern of impermanence, which results inter alia in the existence of no less than four successive legal regimes, three of which being detailed lega…

Abstract John Dewey’s vision of work is strictly related to and dependent on his wide, social view of democracy. Dewey conceived of democracy as the complex form of a society, rather than as a political regime. According to this view, for democracy to be achieved, a society must, among other things, fully democratize work and the workplace. This chapter begins by presenting Dewey’s vision of demo…

Abstract Nicolas Malebranche’s 1697 work, Traité de L’Amour de Dieu (Treatise on the Love of God) remains untranslated and relatively untouched in recent English scholarship. The work offers Malebranche’s defense against claims that he held quietist beliefs. Although Bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet and Archbishop Francois de Salignac de la Mothe Fénelon’s fight over the quietist conception of “pur…

Abstract This chapter delves into the historical and contemporary relationship between the United States and Latin America. From the Monroe Doctrine to the Cold War era and beyond, the U.S. has exerted dominance over its southern neighbors, prioritizing its own interests. Despite shifts in global dynamics and the adoption of neoliberal policies, inequality and subordination persist, impacting bot…

Abstract This chapter explores the evolution and impact of Global Administrative Law (GAL) in the Americas, emphasizing its adaptability to, and interaction with, various local legal contexts. It highlights GAL’s flexibility as a conceptual framework that incorporates various case studies from diverse regions while examining the challenges of maintaining theoretical coherence across multiple lega…

Abstract Theodor W. Adorno did not develop a consistent, comprehensive philosophical position on the future. Nevertheless, analyzing Adorno’s writings on the nature of historical time, and the conditions of capitalist modernity, we can reconstruct a radical alternative mode of thinking about the human future. Appropriating and transforming both Hegel’s and Walter Benjamin’s conceptions of univers…

Abstract The seventeenth century is often regarded as a Golden Age for defending God’s character in the face of undeniable facts of evil. Although his contributions to the problem of evil have been largely overshadowed by Leibniz, Nicolas Malebranche defended philosophically rich and creative views that weave together several of his central commitments in metaphysics, theology, and ethics. After …

Abstract In this chapter, the author describes relationships between race, class formation, and “carceralism.” Carceralism describes sets of social, economic, and political practices and systems where surveillance, capture, confinement, and forced mobility stem from and reify broader institutions of oppression. This chapter focuses on race and three predominating carceral phenomena to understand …

Abstract From at least 1909 to 1913, and by some accounts until 1918, Russell held several successive versions of a theory of judgment known as the “multiple-relation theory.” Russell called it a multiple-relation theory to contrast it with his earlier dual-relation theory, according to which judgment is a dual relation between a subject and a structured, Russellian proposition. The multiple-rela…

Abstract Adorno’s philosophy is deeply influenced by Kant. While Adorno criticizes Kant’s philosophy throughout his writings, he is sympathetic to Kant’s “rescuing urge,” his attempt to salvage the achievements of traditional metaphysics under post-critical conditions. Adorno’s criticism of Kant is that he has reified the basic concepts of his philosophy and therefore cannot account for their his…

Abstract Despite lacking competitive elections and strong protections for political freedoms, politics in authoritarian regimes is still influenced by the opinions of everyday people. What do these opinions look like? Why do they matter? Research from various authoritarian regimes suggests that many citizens hold sophisticated and nuanced views about politics. People can distinguish between diffe…

Abstract This chapter re-writes the history of human rights in the Americas by questioning the universality of the hegemonic Eurocentric and State-centric narrative with the recovery of a history set in the context of modern colonialism. This new and more comprehensive narrative occurs from Patagonia to Alaska since the times of the conquest of America to today. Throughout this era States, empire…

Abstract This chapter surveys the portrayal of LGBTQ+ Jews over time. It examines the emergence and evolution of LGBTQ+ Jewish characters performing religious rituals in contemporary film and television, tracing this representation from the 1980s to the present. While scholarship has noted the growing diversity of Jewish sexuality on screen, this analysis focuses especially on the significant tre…

Abstract Ideas and practices of regionalism have long shaped the formation and institutionalization of international law in the Americas, as much as the latter has shaped the former. Yet the scholarship on historical international relations (IR) and the history of international law have developed through different and distant routes and only very rarely did they engage in a dialogue. This chapter…

Abstract Automation is rapidly increasing the number of wealth workers—that is, workers providing labor-intensive personal services to affluent customers, such as domestic cleaners, childminders, nail technicians, personal trainers, and professional dog walkers. This chapter examines some of the normative dimensions of this phenomenon, exploring the nature of our reasons to worry about its increa…

Abstract In this Introduction to the Oxford Handbook of Social Policy in Canada, we explore the multiple faces of social policy in Canada through a discussion of its nature in a changing economic, political, and social context, which is followed by a mapping of the main topics discussed across this volume’s six main parts: (1) a comparative and historical overview of social policy in Canada; (2) …